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Gang Involvement among Adolescents in Nigeria: Prevalence. Risks and Correlates

Adebunmi Oyekola, University of Ibadan

The number of adolescents involved in gang activities has heightened in recent times. The resultant effects manifested in elevated violent behaviour within and outside the school environment has further undermined developmental structure of the society. This current study examined the prevalence, risks and correlates of gang involvement among adolescents in Lagos State. Data were collected from a total of 400 in-school and out- of-school adolescents aged between 11-19 years drawn from Ajeromi Ifelodun Local Government Area of Lagos State. 200 adolescents each representing in-school and out-of-school participants were randomly sel.ected from five secondary schools and the neighbourhood respectively. Using self-report questionnaires information on exposure and attitude towards gangsterism, childhood maltreatment, delinquent behaviour, drug and alcohol abuse, commitment to school, and perceived parenting styles were assessed. Data were analyzed using odd ratio and logistic regression models. Results showed that 47.3% of the adolescents were involved in gang activities. Delinquent behaviour, childhood maltreatment and drug/alcohol use) showed the highest risk markers for gang involvement (OR: 3.290, 95% CI [2.025-5.346], (OR: 2.106, 95% CI [1.396-3.178]; and (OR: 3.727, 95% CI [2.277-6.100] respectively), Risk factors for adolescent gang involvement were highest within the personal and family domains. Within family domain, permissiveness parenting (OR: 1.626, 95% CI [1.08-2.45]) and family type (OR: 1.328, 95% CI [1.03-1.71]) were reported to represent the highest risk markers. However parent's SES was found to be a significant protective factor among others the variables. This implies that personal, familial and environmental factors are precursors to gang involvement. However, the individual and the family have significant roles to play in the drive against violence and gang involvement as a measure of curbing societal ills and vices.

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